Promoter-proximal pausing of RNA polymerase II defines a general rate-limiting step after transcription initiation.
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Transition from initiation to promoter proximal pausing requires the CTD of RNA polymerase II
The C-terminal domain (CTD) of mammalian RNA polymerase II consists of 52 repeats of the consensus hepta-peptide YSPTSPS, and links transcription to the processing of pre-mRNA. Although Pol II with a CTD shortened to five repeats (Pol II Delta5) is transcriptionally inactive on chromatin templates, it is not clear whether CTD is required for promoter recognition in vivo. Here, we demonstrate th...
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Gene transcription can be activated by decreasing the duration of RNA polymerase II pausing in the promoter-proximal region, but how this is achieved remains unclear. Here we use a 'multi-omics' approach to demonstrate that the duration of polymerase pausing generally limits the productive frequency of transcription initiation in human cells ('pause-initiation limit'). We further engineer a hum...
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Transcription initiation by bacterial RNA polymerase (RNAP) requires a variable σ subunit that directs it to promoters for site-specific priming of RNA synthesis. The principal σ subunit responsible for expression of house-keeping genes can bind the transcription elongation complex after initiation and induce RNAP pausing through specific interactions with promoter-like motifs in transcribed DN...
متن کاملPAF1, a Molecular Regulator of Promoter-Proximal Pausing by RNA Polymerase II
The control of promoter-proximal pausing and the release of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) is a widely used mechanism for regulating gene expression in metazoans, especially for genes that respond to environmental and developmental cues. Here, we identify that Pol-II-associated factor 1 (PAF1) possesses an evolutionarily conserved function in metazoans in the regulation of promoter-proximal pausing...
متن کاملTranscription factor GreA contributes to resolving promoter-proximal pausing of RNA polymerase in Bacillus subtilis cells.
Bacterial Gre factors associate with RNA polymerase (RNAP) and stimulate intrinsic cleavage of the nascent transcript at the active site of RNAP. Biochemical and genetic studies to date have shown that Escherichia coli Gre factors prevent transcriptional arrest during elongation and enhance transcription fidelity. Furthermore, Gre factors participate in the stimulation of promoter escape and th...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Genes & Development
سال: 1995
ISSN: 0890-9369
DOI: 10.1101/gad.9.5.559